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Nitromethane is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3NO2. It is the simplest organic nitro compound. It is a polar liquid commonly used as a solvent in a variety of industrial applications such as in extractions, as a reaction medium, and as a cleaning solvent. As an intermediate in organic synthesis, it is used widely in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, explosives, fibers, and coatings. Nitromethane is used as a fuel additive in various motorsports and hobbies, e.g.

4-Nitrotoluene or para-nitrotoluene is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4NO2. It is a pale yellow solid. This compound is mainly used to prepare dyes.

Synthesis and reactions

Together with other isomers, 4-nitrotoluene is prepared by nitration of toluene. It undergoes the expected reactions, e.g. hydrogenation gives p-toluidine.

Applications

2-Nitropropane (2-NP) is a solvent. It is a colorless liquid and is classified as a nitro compound.

Preparation
2-Nitropropane is produced by the high-temperature vapor-phase nitration of propane, usually with impurities of 1-nitropropane. 2-Nitropropane is also produced as a volatile by-product that can be captured during Leonard's ring-closure hydantoin preparation 

Uses

2-Nitropropane is used primarily as a solvent and chemical intermediate.