Generic Name:

Blue Vitriol

Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, Cu S04 5 H20, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts.

Product Description:

Copper sulfate exporter and stockist in India and the Middle East. We are keeping ready stock of materials to complete our regular customer demand locally and globally. High-quality range of Copper Sulphate, Cupric Sulphate, Copper Sulphate Crystal, Copper Offered Copper/Cupric Sulphate, Copper Sulphate Crystal, Copper are well-known for the features like long working life, high functionality, and low maintenance.

There are plenty of Copper Sulfate Applications which can be studied through out our website.

Restoring Copper in Soil & Livestock Simple Solutions

Copper, A Key Mineral For Life Sustaining Organisms And How Copper Sulfate Plays A Role

Copper is needed to sustain life - Human, Animal or Plant.

Most living cells in us created by the good Lord himself experiences the benefits of copper or is reliant on copper for proper functionality. The purity of our copper sulfate makes it one of the best supplemental copper additives for soil and livestock.

If you already know the copper deficiency problems pertaining to soil or livestock and you know your requirements for copper sulfate, you can go to our products page and place your order. All of our fifty pound bags of copper sulfate are the highest purity of copper sulfate. If you need more information or would like to know more please read on.

Listed below is a brief summary of the information you will find for Copper Deficiency sub pages.

Soil:

Farmers that observe copper deficiencies are almost always managers striving for optimal yields. Their fertility management often includes manure and above average rates of fertilizer application. In many instances, their first indication of copper deficiency are crops with yield and quality consistently below expectations.

A copper deficiency can result in early aging or lowered levels of chlorophyll, which leads to yield reductions that go unnoticed if the deficiency is not severe.

Many symptoms of copper deficiency may be confused with frost damage, insect damage, diseases and herbicide injury. Some herbicide/cereal interactions have been documented on copper deficient soils.

Livestock:

Marginal to severe copper deficiency in cattle is widespread across the United States.

Forage surveys conducted across the United States overwhelmingly reveal forage samples that are marginally to severely deficient in copper

It is widely known that copper deficiency in cattle results in reduced reproductive efficiency and performance.

Reproductive problems cost beef producers about $15.00 per cow per year. This translates into $750 per year for a 50-cow herd.

Copper is needed by a variety of key systems in the body.

Some signs are decreased conception rates; increased days open; hoof problems; depressed immunity; anemia; reduced growth rate and, in some cases, diarrhea......

Proper copper nutrition is essential for a healthy immune system in cattle.

Do not skimp on mineral supplementation during spring and summer months when forage quality is good. Remember that most soils are deficient in copper so the forages grown on those soils will be deficient too

Product Application:

With the help of their experienced quality indian suppliers professionals, they have been able to offer Copper/Cupric Sulphate, Copper Sulphate Crystal, Copper in various ranges and models.

There are many applications of Copper Sulfate.

Copper Sulfate for Algae Control

Let Your Lake or Pond Shine by Using Copper Sulfate to Kill Algae

LAKES, POTABLE WATER RESERVOIRS, PONDS (Golf, Farm, Fish and Fire), FISH HATCHERIES, AND CROP AND NON-CROP IRRIGATION CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS, DITCHES, CANALS AND LATERALS: Copper Sulfate kills filamentous and planktonic algae in water.

Apply at a rate of 3 to 6 pounds per acre foot of water (0.27 ppm to 0.54 ppm copper in the treated water). Apply as a uniform surface spray dissolved in at least 3 to 5 gallons of water using boat, plane or other pressurized spray device. Apply twice yearly or as needed. Determine the number of acre feet of water to be treated.

An acre foot of water is equal to one acre of water one foot deep which equals 328,000 gallons or 2,720,000 pounds. An acre foot can also be defined as an area of water 660 feet X 66 feet X 1 foot depth.

How to Apply: Copper Sulfate can be applied to impounded water by the following methods:

1. Application by Dragging Under Water: By placing Copper Sulfate in a burlap or finer mesh bag, apply by dragging the bag attached to a boat or float so that bags are suspended in the top foot of water until the crystals are dissolved. Drag the bag of copper sulfate first near the shoreline and continue outward by moving as the boat travels in parallel lines about 20 to 100 feet apart until area has been treated or until 1/3to 1/2 of the surface area has been treated. Continue dragging bag over treated area until the required minimum dose is applied and all copper sulfate is dissolved. Determine the quantity of copper sulfate needed to treat the problem area following directions and precautions on the label.

2. Application by Spraying Solution on Water Surface: Dissolve the minimum required dose of Copper Sulfate in water and spray the solution uniformly over the body of water. When spraying a solution of copper sulfate, mix copper sulfate in sufficient water to thoroughly spray the water surface. While the volume per surface acre depends on the type of spray equipment being used, spray volume should be approximately 20 to 500 or more gallons per acre of surface water. Several types of solutions and spraying equipment may be used. Observe previous cautions on the effect of copper sulfate solution on various metals in spraying containers.

3. Application by Slug Method: Make a dump of Copper Sulfate into the irrigation ditch or lateral at ¼ to 2 pounds per second of water per treatment. Repeat about every 2 weeks as needed. A dump is usually necessary every 5 to 30 miles depending on water hardness, alkalinity, and algae concentration. Copper Sulfate becomes less effective as the bicarbonate alkalinity increases. Its effectiveness is significantly reduced when the bicarbonate alkalinity exceeds about 150 ppm as calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

4. Application by Broadcasting: Dry Copper Sulfate can be broadcast on the water surface using a properly equipped boat. An air blower can be used to discharge these crystals at a specific rate over the surface of the water. When using this method, the wind direction is an important factor. Do not use this method unless completely familiar with this type of application.

5. Application by Spraying from Airplanes and Helicopters: Professional personnel licensed by the State Agricultural Extension Service are allowed to apply dry Copper Sulfate in some states. Rate may not exceed 6 pounds per acre foot of water.

6. Application by Injection in Water: A solution can be made with Copper Sulfate that can be injected in the water via a piping system.

CROP AND NON-CROP IRRIGATION CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS, DITCHES, CANALS AND LATERALS: Copper Sulfate Crystals control the Potamogeton pondweeds, leafy and sago.

How to Apply: Copper Sulfate can be applied to irrigation conveyance systems by the following methods:

1. Continuous Application Method: Using a continuous feeder, apply 1.6 to 2.4 pounds per cubic foot per second per day. These rates will produce 0.074 to 0.11 ppm copper in the treated water.

Note: For best control of leafy and sago pondweed, it is essential to begin copper sulfate additions when water is first turned into the system or ditch to be treated and continue throughout the irrigation season. Copper sulfate becomes less effective as the bicarbonate alkalinity increases. Its effectiveness is significantly reduced when the bicarbonate alkalinity exceeds about 150 ppm as calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Should copper sulfate fail to control pondweeds satisfactorily, it may be necessary to either treat the ditch with a suitable approved herbicide or use mechanical means to remove excess growth. In either case, resume copper sulfate addition as soon as possible.

CONTROL OF ALGAE AND BACTERIAL ODOR IN WATERSCAPES, DECORATIVE POOLS, AND FOUNTAINS (Except California):

Apply in the spring or early summer when algae and bacteria first appear. The dosages are variable and depend upon algae/bacteria species, water hardness, water temperature, amount of algae and bacteria present as well as whether the water is clear, turbid, flowing or static. Preferably, the water should be clear with temperatures above 60º F. Higher dosages are required at lower water temperatures, higher algae and bacteria concentrations and for hard waters. For each 7,500 gals. of water, dissolve ¼ lb. Copper Sulfate in one gallon of water. Pour the solution into the water to be treated. Several application points speed up dispersal. Static water requires less chemical than does flowing water. If uncertain about the dosage, begin with a lower does and increase until control is achieved or until the maximum allowable level of copper has been reached.

CONTROL OF ALGAE AND BACTERIAL ODOR IN SWIMMING POOLS (Except California):

Apply 1 to 2 lbs. of Copper Sulfate Crystal per 60,000 gals. (8,000 cu. ft.) of water. This will result in a concentration of 0.5 to 1.0 ppm of dissolved copper. Dissolve the required amount of copper sulfate in a plastic container and pour the solution into the pool. Use the higher rate where visible algae are present. For maintenance dosages, use the lower rate. Repeat the lower rate to control the recurrence of algae and avoid the buildup of copper. Copper Sulfate may be used to help control pool odors and algae during the winter months. Apply the higher rate while the pool is not being used during the winter. Treated pool effluent should not be discharged where it will drain into lakes, streams, ponds, or public water.

CALCULATIONS FOR THE AMOUNT OF WATER IMPOUNDED AND FOR THE AMOUNT OF COPPER SULFATE TO BE USED IN IMPOUNDED AND FLOWING WATER

Calculate water volume as follows:

1. Obtain surface area by measuring regular shaped ponds or mapping of irregular ponds or by reference to previously recorded engineering data or maps.

2. Calculate average depth by sounding in a regular pattern and taking the mean of these readings or by reference to previously obtained data.

3. Multiply surface area in feet by average depth in feet to obtain cubic feet of water volume.

4. Multiply surface area in acres by average depth in feet to obtain total acre-feet of water volume.

Calculate weight of water to be treated as follows:

1. Multiply the volume in cubic feet by 62.44 to obtain total pounds of water, or

2. Multiply the volume in acre feet by 2,720,000 to obtain pounds of water

Calculations of active ingredient to be added:

To calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate needed to achieve the recommended concentration

Multiply the weight of water by the recommended concentration of Copper Sulfate. Since recommended concentrations are normally given in parts per million (ppm), it will first be necessary to convert the value in parts per million to a decimal equivalent. For example, 2 ppm is the same as 0.000002 when used in this calculation. Therefore, to calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate to treat 1 acre-foot of water with 2 ppm Copper Sulfate, the calculation would be as follows: 0.000002 x 2,720,000 = 5.44 lbs. Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate.

Calculation of water flow in ditches, streams, and irrigation systems:

The amount of water flow in cubic feet per second is found by means of a weir or other measuring device.

NOTE: If treated water is to be used as potable water (after further treatment), the residual metallic copper content must not exceed 1.0 ppm (4 ppm copper sulfate pentahydrate).

Eliminating Roots Using Cupric Sulfate

Guaranteed Satisfaction

To control root growth in Commercial, Institutional, and Municipal Sewers use as follows:

SEWERS: Use 2 pounds of Cupric Sulfate every 6 to 12 months, applied into each junction or terminal manhole as a preventative measure. Add copper sulfate during periods of reduced flow; however, some flow is essential. If reduced flow due to root masses is observed, but flow has not completely stopped, add the copper sulfate in the next manhole above the reduced flow area. If completely blocked, use a rod to penetrate the mass so some flow begins before treatment.

STORM DRAINS: Use 2 pounds of Cupric Sulfate per drain per year. Apply during a period of light water flow. In dry weather, introduce a flow with a hose. If storm drains become almost plugged, repeat treatment 3 or 4 times at 2-week intervals.

SEWER PUMPS AND FORCE MAINS: Place 2 pounds of Cupric Sulfate in a cloth bag at the storage well inlet. Repeat as needed.

To control root growth in Residential or Household Sewer Systems use as follows:

Make treatment when the reduced flow rate thought to be caused by root growth is first noticed. Do not delay until stoppage has occurred because some flow is needed to move copper sulfate to root growth. When roots accumulate sufficient copper sulfate to cause death, root decay will begin and flow rate should increase in 3 to 4 weeks. Since copper sulfate treatment usually kills only those roots in the pipe, roots will regrow, requiring follow-up treatments. Generally make a treatment in the spring after plants begin to grow, with a second treatment during late summer or early fall each year, and/or any time when reduced flow possibly caused by root growth is noted.

HOW TO USE COPPER SULFATE CRYSTALS:

In household sewers use 2 to 6 pounds of crystals twice yearly. Add Copper Sulfate to sewer line by pouring about ½ pound into the toilet bowl nearest to the sewer line and flush, repeating process until recommended dose has been added, or remove cleanout plug and pour entire recommended quantity directly into the sewer line, replacing plug and flush toilet several times. Do not attempt to flush Briquette size down the toilet as blockage may result.

If system is equipped with a septic tank, copper sulfate will be precipitated in the septic tank and little will pass into the absorption drain field. To treat drain field pipes, add 2 to 6 pounds of Copper Sulfate to distribution box located between the septic tank and the drain field. If distribution box does not have an opening, it would be advisable to install a cleanout plug opening into the outlet pipe from the septic tank leading to the drain field for effective root control in the drain field pipes.

NOTE: Do not apply Copper Sulfate through sink or tub drains as it will corrode those metal drains.

NOTE: Laboratory studies have shown that copper sulfate added to an active 300 gallon septic tank at 2, 4 and 6 pounds per treatment temporarily reduced bacterial action, but it returned to normal 15 days after treatment. Trees and shrubbery growing near a treated line normally will have only a small portion of their roots in contact with the copper sulfate that primarily kills only those roots inside the pipe, thus not affecting the growing plants.

State law prohibits the use of copper sulfate in sewage systems in the State of Connecticut and in the following counties of California:

Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma

Product Procedure:

Uses of Copper Compounds: Table A - Uses of Copper Sulphate

Classification	Applications
Agriculture
Major uses	Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures for use as fungicides
	Manufacture of other copper fungicides such as copper-lime dust, tribasic
	copper sulphate, copper carbonate and cuprous oxide
	Manufacture of insecticides such as copper arsenite and Paris green
	Control of fungus diseases (see below)
	Correction of copper deficiency in soils
	Correction of copper deficiency in animals
	Growth stimulant for fattening pigs and broiler chickens
	Molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke
Other uses	Seed dressing
	Soil steriliser, e.g. Cheshunt compound (a mixture of copper sulphate and ammonium carbonate) to prevent "damping-off" disease of tomato, etc.
	Control and prevention of foot rot in sheep and cattle
	Bacteriastat for addition to sheep dips
	Disinfectant in prevention of the spread of swine erysepelas and white scours in calves
	Control of scum in farm ponds
	Plant nutrient in rice fields
	Preservative for wooden posts, wooden buildings, etc.
	Preservative for wooden fruit boxes, planting baskets and other containers
	Ingredient of vermin repellents, e.g. for application to bark of trees against rabbits
	Stimulant of latex yield on rubber plantations
	Protection against algal growths on flower pots
Public Health and Medicine
	Destruction of algal blooms in reservoirs and swimming pools
	Prevention of the spread of athletes foot in warm climates, by incorporation in the flooring mixture of swimming baths
	Control of bilharzia in tropical countries, as a molluscicide
	Prevention of malaria, in the preparation of Paris green for use against mosquito larvae
	Antiseptic and germicide against fungus infections
	Catalyst or raw material for the preparation of copper catalysts used in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products
Industry
Adhesives	Preservative in casein and other glues
	Additive to bookbinding pastes and glues, for insecticidal purposes
	Additive to animal and silicate glues to give water resistance
Building	Timber preservative and in the preparation of other wood preservatives, e.g. oil based copper naphthenates and water based copper/chrome/arsenic for the
	prevention of woodworms and wood rots
	Ingredient of plaster to prevent fungus infection, e.g. to prevent the spread of dry rot
	Ingredient of concrete, both as a colouring matter and as an antiseptic, e.g. for use in and around swimming pools
	Modification of the setting of concrete
	Protection against lichens, moulds and similar growths on asbestos cement roofing and other building materials
	Control of the growth of tree roots in sewers
Chemical	Preparation of catalysts for use in many industries
	Purification of gases, e.g. removal of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulphide
	Precipitation promoter in purifying zinc sulphate solutions
	Precipitation of alkaloids as double salts from crude extracts
	Source of other copper compounds such as copper carbonate silicate/arsenite/
	aceto-arsenite/resinate/stearate/tartrate/oleate naphthenate/chromate/chlorate
	/alginate/fluoride/hydroxide, cuprous oxide/chloride/cyanide and
	cuprammonium compounds
Decorative trades	Colouring glass
	Colouring cement and plaster
	Colouring ceramic wares
	Alteration of metal colours, e.g. darkening of zinc, colouring aluminium
Dyestuffs	Reagent in the preparation of dyestuffs intermediates
	Catalyst or raw material for the preparation of copper catalysts, e.g. preparation of phenols from diazo compounds, preparation of phthalocyanine dyes
Leather and	Mordant in dyeing
	Reagent in tanning processes
Metal and	Electrolyte in copper refining
electrical	Electrolyte in copper plating and electro forming
	Electrolytic manufacture of cuprous compounds, e.g. cuprous oxide
	Constituent of the electrodes and electrolytes in batteries
	Electrolyte in the manufacture of copper powder
	Electrolyte in aluminium plating and anodising
	Copper coating steel wire, prior to wire drawing
	Pickling copper wire, etc., prior to enamelling
	Providing a suitable surface for marking out iron and steel
Mining	Flotation reagent in the concentration of ores, e.g. zinc blende
Paint	Raw material for the manufacture of copper naphthenate and other copper compounds for use in anti-fouling paints
	Preparation of certain varnish or paint dryers, e.g. copper oleate, copper stearate
	Preparation of certain pigments, e.g. copper chromate, copper ferrocyanide, copper phthalocyanine
Printing	Etching agent for process engraving
	Electrolyte in the preparation of electrotype
	Ingredient of printing inks
Synthetic rubber	Preparation of catalysts used in cracking certain gaseous and liquid petroleum
and petroleum	Fractions
	Preparation of cuprous chloride, used in the purification of butadiene and in the separation of acetylene derivatives
	Preparation of catalysts used in chlorinating rubber latex
	Purification of petroleum oils
Textiles	Preparation of copper compounds for rot-proofing canvas and other fabrics
	Rot-proofing sandbags
	Mordant, especially in calico printing
	Cuprammonium process for the production of rayon
	Production of aniline black and diazo colours for dyeing
	"After coppering" to increase the fastness of dyes
	Catalyst in the manufacture of cellulose ethers and in cellulose acetylation
Miscellaneous	Improving the burning qualities of coke
	Laboratory analytical work
	Ingredient of laundry marking ink
	Dyeing of hair and horn
	Ingredient of hair dyes of the phenylene diamine or pyrogallol type
	Preparation of chlorophyll as a colouring material for food stuffs
	Imparting a green colour in fireworks
	Activator in the preparation of active carbons
	Preservative for wood pulp
	Preservation of fishing nets and hides on trawls
	Obtaining a blue-black finish on steel
	Treatment of carbon brushes
	Ingredient of the solution used for preserving plant specimens in their natural colours
	Impregnation in fruit wrapping papers to prevent storage rots

Product Note:

Uses of Copper Compounds: Other Copper Compounds

Copper Acetates

Basic copper acetate (verdigris) was at one time made in France by interleaving copper metal sheets with fermented grape skins and dregs left after wine manufacture. After some time when the copper sheets had become coated with verdigris they were removed, exposed to the air for a few days and then replaced. This process was repeated until the whole sheet had become corroded. The resulting product was known as blue verdigris and was used as a fungicide at 1 kg basic copper acetate in 500 litres water.

Present manufacture is based on the action of acetic acid on copper metal, copper oxide or copper carbonate. They can also be prepared by treating a copper sulphate solution with lead acetate. Copper acetates are used as an intermediate in the manufacture of Paris green (cupric aceto-arsenite); as a catalyst in a number of organic reactions including rubber aging; as a chemical in textile dyeing; and as a pigment for ceramics. Copper acetates have also been used for impregnating kraft paper to produce an anti-tarnish wrapping paper for high grade silver ware.

Cuprous Oxide

Can be produced either electrolytically from copper or by the action of alkaline reducing agents on copper sulphate solutions. Formulated proprietary brands of cuprous oxide are extensively employed as fungicides and seed dressings. Another important application is in anti-fouling paints. Other uses include the colouring of porcelain and glass.

Cupric Oxide (black copper oxide)

Can be produced either by adding caustic soda to hot copper sulphate solutions or by treating copper scale with nitric acid and heating to redness. Cupric oxide is used in the ceramic industry for imparting blue, green or red tints in glasses, glazes and enamels. It is occasionally employed for incorporation in mineral supplements for insuring against an insufficiency of copper in the diet of animals. Among its other uses is the preparation of cuprammonium hydroxide solutions for the rayon industry.

Cupric Chloride

Obtained either by dissolving cupric oxide in hydrochloric acid or by the action of chlorine on copper. Its principal use is in the petroleum industry for sweetening (catalytic oxidation of the mercaptans) and as an ingredient of catalysts for other chemical processes. It is also used as a mordant in calico printing and dyeing.

Copper Oxychloride

Is a basic copper chloride and is usually manufactured either by the action of hydrochloric acid on copper metal or by the air oxidation of cuprous chloride suspensions. It has a number of applications, by far the most important being as an agricultural fungicide for which purpose it is extensively employed in formulated form as dusts, wettable powders and pastes.

Cuprous Chloride

Prepared either by heating a solution of cupric chloride with copper turnings or by the action of a reducing agent, such as sulphur dioxide, on a mixture of common salt and copper sulphate solution. The petroleum industry uses cuprous chloride in their "oil sweetening" process. Ammoniacal solutions of cuprous chloride are employed for the absorption of any carbon monoxide which may be present in a gas as an impurity.

Cupric Nitrate

Produced either by dissolving copper carbonate in nitric acid or direct from copper and nitric acid. It has a number of small uses, such as in ceramics, in dyeing as a mordant, in fireworks and in photography.

Copper Cyanide

Manufactured from sodium cyanide and copper sulphate. It is mainly used for copper electroplating.

Copper Soaps

Usually made by the interactlon of the corresponding soap with copper sulphate solution. Small quantities of these, such as copper stearate, copper oleate and copper abietate (from resins), are employed mainly for rot-proofing textiles, ropes, etc. They are also used in paints as they are soluble in oils, white spirits, etc.

Copper Naphthenate

Usually manufactured either from copper sulphate and naphthenic acid in combination with an alkali or by heating naphthenic acid and copper oxide. It is widely used as an oil-based wood preservative and as a rot-proofing agent.

Anhydrous and Monohydrated Copper Sulphate

Obtained by heating copper sulphate pentahydrate when four molecules water of crystallization are removed the product becomes copper sulphate monohydrate which is green in colour. At a higher temperature all the water of crystallization is removed and anhydrous copper sulphate is the white powder which results. They can also be obtained by crystallization from copper sulphate pentahydrate in boiling sulphuric acid. The main applications are in the production of proprietary wood preservatives and agricultural fungicides as well as for the production of a number of copper compounds. Sometimes they are utilised to detect the presence of moisture.

Metal Etching Using Copper Sulfate

Guaranteed Precision

The Improved Copper Sulfate Metal Etching Solution - Add Water

We continue to offer pure Copper Sulfate Crystals at wholesale prices for use in metal etching.

The improved Copper Sulfate Metal Etching product with an added catalyst to enhance performance, sharpen etching detail and extend the working life of the solution.Copper Sulfate is in stock and available for purchase on our Product Ordering page.

HOW Copper Sulfate WORKS for Etching:
Research and experimentation has led to a better solution for those who use straight copper sulfate for a metal etching solution. The traditional (non-copper sulfate) etching process uses harmful acids which release toxic vapors and require special handleing and practices. The use of a copper sulfate solution for etching has always been safer than the alternative and copper sulfate use for metal etching is steadily growing.. however, RXSOL Copper Sulfate provides what many feel are practical improvements over using plain copper sulfate in a metal etching solution. A saturated solution of plain copper sulfate crystals is an excellent mordant for zinc, aluminum, copper, brass and mild steel, but due to lack of a catalyst, etching is somewhat slow and the solution becomes exhausted quickly. The use of RXSOL Copper Sulfate instead of plain copper sulfate enhances the electrolytic eroding potential of copper sulfate to be harnessed more fully. We offer this outstanding alternative solution, RXSOL Copper Sulfate, pre-mixed and measured - Just add water!

The RXSOL Copper Sulfate solution activates the etch by diminishing the bond with water. Our RXSOL Copper Sulfate for etching zinc, aluminum, copper, brass and mild steel is about three times more active than a straight copper sulfate solution; it also produces a very crisp etch. During biting a coppery sediment of metal hydroxides and oxides floats to the surface, thus keeping the bitten work from clogging up. Etching can also be aided by occasionally brushing the plate surface with a soft brush; delicate marks, such as a spray aquatint or soft ground should, however, be etched without brushing. RXSOL Copper Sulfate works more effectively if floating solids are regularly skimmed off with a brush or strainer and removed from the bath. This keeps the solution from turning alkaline and extends its usable life.

MATERIALS

Products and Equipment needed to improve your etching experience:

RXSOL Copper Sulfate
supply of hot water
heavy-duty gloves
safety goggles
dust mask
wooden stick or stiff plastic brush for mixing
bucket
etching tray

METHOD

Mix Copper Sulfate as follows. (This example is for 4 pounds of RXSOL Copper Sulfate.)

As always put on gloves, dust mask, and safety goggles when handling even the safest of chemicals.

Place RXSOL Copper Sulfate powder into a bucket or straight into the chosen etching tray.
Add 1 gallon of hot water and stir with a wooden stick or a stiff brush. The solution turns into a green sludge.
Then add 1 gallon of warm water stirring continuously. Most of the crystals should dissolve within 5 to 10 minutes of mixing, producing a dark green liquid.

Copper Sulfate Foot Bath for Livestock

Copper Sulfate for Foot Bath & Treatment of Foot Rot in Sheep & Cattle

For Foot Bath, Copper Sulfate can be used in a 5% to 10% solution (by weight) with immersion 3 or 4 times per week or for a period of time as prescribed by your veterinarian. The Copper Sulfate foot bath solution should be changed every 150 to 200 cows depending on the concentration of copper sulfate, use of a pre-bath, and comtamination of the bath. Determine the volume of the hoof bath and calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate carefully. Do not use more Copper Sulfate than is recommended by your veterinarian. By placing a clean water bath in front of the treatment bath, the animals will clean their hoofs to some extent and keep the hoof bath effective for a longer period of time. If your veterinarian recommends hoof bath, use as an aid in the treatment of foot rot in cattle. Hoof baths should only be part of an overall program that includes proper nutrition, regular hoof trimming, and hoof injury prevention. Keep animals out of wet, muddy or stony areas where hoofs can soften and be injured.

Product Technical Specification:

Copper Sulphate-CuSO4 x 5H2O

(CuSO4X5H2O)

>98,20%

Humidity

max. 2%

Water insoluble

0.01%

(Acidity) Free H2SO4

> 0.10%

Ph:

>3,5

Cu

>24.94%

Fe:

>0.05%

Ni:

19.6mg/kg

Pb:

25.9mk/kg

As:

>0.012%

Cd:

<5.00mg/kg

Hg:

<0.10 mg/kg

F:

<5.00mg/kg

Appearance

Crystal/Liquid

Dimension(crystal size)

80-800µ

Colour:

Blue

Density:

~1.188 g/sm³

Product pack size:

Export quality Bag in 25 Kg.One of the popular supplier in Bihar, UP, West Bengal. And playing leading exporter role globally. We also keeping full range of products includes Aluminium Nitrate, Ferric Nitrate, Calcium Nitrate, Magnesium Nitrate, Copper Nitrate, Ferric Sulphate, Potassium Nitrate, Sodium Thiosulphate, Zinc Nitrate, Barium Nitrate, Lead Nitrate and Nickel Nitrate etc.

Product alias:

<p> CAS No.: 7758-98-7, Copper Sulfate</p>

Copper Sulphate Manufacturer ::: https://youtube.com/shorts/1TCFJ8Ku6NM?feature=share

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Uses of Copper Compounds: General Uses

To trace the history of copper compounds it would be necessary to go back much further than the fourth millennium BC. Records found in the tombs of the early Egyptians suggest that, at least, this ancient civilisation employed copper sulphate as a mordant in their dyeing process. Today, more than 5,000 years later, copper sulphate is still employed by the world's dyeing industry in the after treatment of certain dyes to improve their fastness to light and washing.

Another equally early recorded use for copper compounds was for the making of ointments and other medical preparations. Later, the Greek civilisation of the pre-Christian era of Hypocrates (circa 400 BC) saw the prescribing of copper sulphate for pulmonary diseases and by the 18th century AD it had come into wide clinical use in the western world, being employed for the treatment of mental disorders and afflictions of the lungs.

It is noteworthy that copper sulphate has lost none of its effectiveness over the centuries, neither have any harmful side effects been reported. Copper sulphate is still, however, highly prized by some inhabitants of Africa and Asia for healing sores and skin diseases. In the West it is widely used in baby foods and in mineral and vitamin tonics and pills.

Copper has a wide spectrum of effectiveness against the many biological agents of timber and fabric decay. It renders them unpalatable to insects and protects them from fungus attack. Copper sulphate has been in use since 1838 for preserving timber and is today the base for many proprietary wood preservatives.

The discovery more than 80 years ago that many algae are highly susceptible to copper, led to the use of copper salts by water engineers to prevent the development of algae in potable water reservoirs. They are also employed to control green slime and similar algal scums in farm ponds, rice fields, irrigation and drainage canals, rivers, lakes and swimming pools.

Another well known use for copper compounds is as a molluscicide for the control of slugs and snails. Less than one part of copper per million parts of water can control disease-transmitting aquatic snails, which are responsible for schistosomiasis or bilharzia in humans in tropical countries and fascioliasis or liver fluke of animals in both tropical and temperate climates.

Uses of Copper Compounds: Agricultural Uses

Copper compounds have their most extensive employment in agriculture where the first recorded use was in 1761, when it was discovered that seed grains soaked in a weak solution of copper sulphate inhibited seed-borne fungi. By 1807 the steeping of cereal seeds in a copper sulphate solution for a limited time and then drying them with hydrated lime became the standard farming practice for controlling stinking smut or bunt of wheat, which by then was endemic wherever wheat was grown. Flour milled from bunted wheat had to be fed to animals or sold cheaply to ginger bread makers who had found a way of masking its bad taste and color with ginger and treacle. Within a few decades, so general and effective had become the practice of treating seed grains with copper sulphate that the appearance of more than a few bunted ears in a field of wheat was looked upon as a sign of neglect on the part of the farmer. So well have copper compounds controlled bunt that today this seed-borne disease is no longer of any economic importance.

The greatest breakthrough for copper salts undoubtedly came in the 1880's when the French scientist Millardet, while looking for a cure for downy mildew disease of vines in the Bordeaux district of France, chanced to notice that those vines, bordering the highways and which had been daubed with a paste of copper sulphate and lime in water in order to make the grapes unattractive to passers-by, appeared freer of downy mildew. This chance observation led to experiments with mixtures of copper sulphate, lime and water and in 1885 Millardet announced to the world that he had found a cure for the dreaded mildew. This mixture became known as Bordeaux mixture and saw the commencement of protective crop spraying.

Within a year or two of the discovery of Bordeaux mixture, Burgundy mixture, which also takes its name from the district of France in which it was first used, appeared on the scene. Burgundy mixture is prepared from copper sulphate and sodium carbonate (soda crystals) and is analogous to Bordeaux mixture.

Trials with Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures against various fungus diseases of plants soon established that many plant diseases could be prevented with small amounts of copper applied at the right time and in the correct manner. From then onwards copper fungicides have been indispensable and many thousands of tons are used annually all over the world to prevent plant diseases.

As a generalization, soils would be considered copper deficient if they contain less than two parts per million available copper in the context of plant health. However, where the soil contains less than five parts per million available copper, symptoms of copper deficiency may be expected in animals. The increasing use of chemical fertilizers which contain little or no copper are denuding soils of readily available copper and creating a deficiency of the element in plants and through them in animals. Copper compounds are now being added to the ever increasing copper deficient soils either direct or in combination with commercial fertilizers. This is particularly the case where the fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. Animals grazing on copper deficient pastures or obtaining an inadequate amount of copper through their normal diet will benefit from mineral supplements containing copper.

Copper sulphate, because of its fungicidal and bactericidal properties, has been employed as a disinfectant on farms against storage rots and for the control and prevention of certain animal diseases, such as foot rot of sheep and cattle.

Uses of Copper Compounds: Copper Sulphate's Role in Agriculture

Copper sulphate has many agricultural uses (see below ) but the following are the more important ones:

Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures on the farm
Control of fungus diseases
Correction of copper deficiency in soils
Correction of copper deficiency in animals
Stimulation of growth for fattening pigs and broiler chickens
A molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke

Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy Mixtures on the Farm

Because of their importance to farmers, instructions concerning the dissolving of copper sulphate and the preparation of both Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures have been included in the text.

Dissolving Copper Sulphate

Iron or galvanised vessels must not be used for the preparation of copper sulphate solutions. Plastic vessels, now freely available, are light and very convenient. To make a strong solution, hang a jute sack of copper sulphate so that the bottom of it dips a few inches only in the water. The copper sulphate will dissolve overnight. Copper sulphate dissolves in cold water to the extent of about 3 kg per 10 litres. If more than this is placed in the sack described above, then a saturated solution will be obtained and it may be used without serious error on the basis that it contains 3 kg copper sulphate per 10 litres.

Preparation of Bordeaux Mixture

Bordeaux mixture is prepared in various strengths from copper sulphate, hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) and water. The conventional method of describing its composition is to give the weight of copper sulphate, the weight of hydrated lime and the volume of water in that order. The percentage of the weight of copper sulphate to the weight of water employed determines the concentration of the Bordeaux mixture. Thus a 1% Bordeaux mixture, which is the normal, would have the formula 1 :1:100the first 1 representing 1 kg copper sulphate, the second representing 1 kg hydrated lime, and the 100 representing 100 litres (100 kg) water. As copper sulphate contains 25% copper metal, the copper content of a 1% Bordeaux mixture would be 0-25 % copper. The quantity of lime used can be reduced considerably. Actually 1 kg copper sulphate requires only 0.225 kg of chemically pure hydrated lime to precipitate all the copper. Good proprietary brands of hydrated lime are now freely available but, as even these deteriorate on storage, it is safest not to exceed a ratio of 2:1. i.e. a 1:0.5:100 mixture.

In preparing Bordeaux mixture, the copper sulphate is dissolved in half the required amount of water in a wooden or plastic vessel. The hydrated lime is mixed with the balance of the water in another vessel. The two "solutions" are then poured together through a strainer into a third vessel or spray tank.

Preparation of a 1% Burgundy Mixture

Dissolve separately 1 kg copper sulphate in 50 litres water and 125 kg washing soda (or 0.475 kg soda ash) in 50 litres water and slowly add the soda solution to the copper sulphate solution with stirring. Control of fungus diseases

Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures have been found effective in controlling a whole host of fungus diseases of plants. Normally a 0.5 % to 1 % Bordeaux or Burgundy mixture applied at 2 to 3 week intervals suffices to control most copper-susceptible fungi.

Generally, once the fungus spores have alighted on the host plant and penetrated the tissues it is difficult to control them. The principle of control must in most cases depend on protection, ie preventing the fungus spores from entering the host tissues. Copper fungicides are noted for their tenacity and for this reason, are much to be preferred in areas of high rainfall.

The simplest method of control is to apply a protective coating of Bordeaux or Burgundy mixture (or other copper fungicides) to the susceptible parts of the plant, so that spores alighting on them come in contact with the protective film of copper and are killed instantly. It is thus important to remember that the first spraying must ideally be made just before the disease is expected and continued at intervals throughout the susceptible period. For this reason it is important to take advantage of the early warning schemes which are in operation to ensure greater accuracy of the timing of the first spraying.

It must also be remembered that fungi are plants and that control measures that will kill them may not always leave the host plant unaffected. The use of too concentrated a fungicide mixture must, therefore, be guarded against, particularly for the early sprays.

Copper fungicides have been reported effective against numerous plant diseases. A list, by no means exhaustive, of some 300 diseases that have been found amenable to control by copper fungicides, appears in Table B.

Correction of Copper Deficiency in Soils

Where copper deficiency has been confirmed by soil analysis or field diagnosis, whether in plants or animals, it can be corrected very simply either by applying 50 kg copper sulphate per hectare in the form of a fertiliser before sowing or by spraying the foliage of the young cereal plants, when they are about 150 mm high, with 750 grams copper sulphate (dissolved in from 400 to 2,000 litres water) per hectare. The soil application has generally given the better results and has the advantage that it may have a residual effect for more than ten years. The foliar application has to be given annually to each crop. An alternative is to add a copper containing slag (normally about 1% to 2 % copper) at a rate of a tonne to the hectare.

Correction of Copper Deficiency in Animals

A method of correcting copper deficiency in livestock is to treat the soil on which animals graze. For example, in Australia and New Zealand swayback in lambs is being prevented by top dressing copper deficient pastures with 5 to 10 kg copper sulphate per hectare some time before lambing begins.

Other methods include drenching periodically with a copper sulphate solution; incorporating copper sulphate in salt and other animal licks; or by what is probably the most general method, incorporating copper sulphate along with other minerals and vitamins in the form of carefully blended supplements in the feeding stuffs.

Stimulation of Growth for Fattening Pigs and Broiler Chickens

The inclusion of up to as much as 0.1% copper sulphate in the diet of bacon and pork pigs and broiler chickens stimulates appetite and produces increased growth rate with a marked improvement in feed conversion.

A molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke. All likely habitats of the liver fluke snail should be treated with copper sulphate at the rate of 25 kg to the hectare at least twice a year in June and August (northern hemisphere) or December and February (southern hemisphere).

Copper compounds

Copper carbonate

Copper sulphate/blue vitriol/blue copperas

Uses of Copper Compounds: Table B - Plant Diseases Amenable to Control by Copper Fungicides

	Disease
Plant	Common name	Pathogen
Almond	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
	Rust	Puccinia pruni-spinosae
	Blossom wilt	Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena
	Leaf curl	Taphrina deformans
Aloe	Anthracnose	Colletotrichum agaves
Antirrhinum	Rust	Puccinia antirrhini
Apple	Pink disease	Corticium salmonicolor
	Fireblight	Erwinia amylovora
	Bitter rot	Glomerella cingulata
	Canker	Nectria galligena
	Blotch	Phyllosticta solitaria
	Black rot	Physalospora obtusa
	Blossom wilt	Sclerotinia laxa
	Scab	Venturia inaequalis
Apricot	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
	Rust	Puccinia pruni-spinosae
	Blossom wilt	Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena
Areca Nut	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
Arrowroot	Banded leaf blight	Corticium solani
Artichoke (Globe)		Ramularia cynarae
Asparagus	Rust	Puccinia asparagi
Avocado	Fruit spot	Cercospora purpurea
	Anthracnose (Black spot)	Glomerella cingulata
	Bacterial rot	Pseudomonas syringae
	Scab	Sphaceloma perseae
Azalea	Flower spot	Ovulinia azaleae
Banana	Black rot (Die back)	Botryodiplodia theobromae
	Helminthosporiosis	Helminthosporium sp.
	Sigatoka disease (Leaf spot)	Mycosphaerella musicola
Barley	Snow damage	Typhula itoana
	Covered smut	Ustilago hordei
Bean (Broad)	Leaf spot	Asochyta pisi
	Chocolate spot	Botrytis cinerea
	Rust	Uromyces fabae
Bean (French and Runner)	Anthracnose	Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
	Powdery mildew	Erysiphe polygoni
	Halo blight	Pseudomonas medicaginis var phaseolicola
	Rust	Uromyces appendiculatus
	Common blight	Xanthomonas phaseoli
Begonia	Mildew	Oidium begoniae
Betel	Leaf spot	Bacterium betle
	Leaf spot	Glomeralla cingulata
	Foot rot	Phytophthora colocasiae
	Leaf rot	Phytophthora parasitica
Blackberry	Cane spot	Elsinoe veneta
Blueberry	Powdery mildew	Microsphaera alni var. vaccinii
	Leaf rust	Pucciniastrum myrtilli
	Fruit rot	Sclerotinia vaccinii-corymbosi
Brassicas	Damping off	Oipidium brassicae
	Downy mildew	Peronospora parasitica
	Black leg (Canker)	Phoma lingam
	Black rot	Xanthomonas campestris
Cacao	Brown pod rot (Die back)	Botryodiplodia theobromae
	Witches' broom	Marasmius perniciosus
	Black pod rot	Phytophthora palmivora
Calendula	Leaf spot	Cercospora calendulae
Carnation	Ring spot	Didymellina dianthi
	Leaf spot	Septoria dianthi
	Rust	Uromyces dianthi
Carrot	Blight	Alternaria dauci
	Bacterial soft rot	Bacterium carotovorum
	Leaf spot	Cercospora carotae
Cassava	Leaf spot	Cercospora henningsii
Castor oil	Leaf spot	Phyllosticta bosensis
Cattleya	Black rot	Phythium ultimum
Celery	Blight	Cercospora apii
	Leaf spot	Septoria apii and Septoria apii graveolentis
Cherry	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
	Leaf spot	Coccomyces hiemalis
	Bitter rot	Glomerella cingulata
	Leaf scorch	Gnomonia erythrostoma
	Bacterial canker	Pseudomonas mors-prunorum
	Brown rot (Blossom wilt)	Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena
	Scab	Venturia cerasi
Chestnut	Blight	Endothia parasitica
	Ink disease	Phytophthora cambivora
Chilli	Blight (Leaf spot)	Cercospora capsici
	Blight (Collar rot)	Phytophthora capsici
	Bacterial spot	Xanthomonas vesicatoria
Chrysanthemum	Mildew	Oidium chrysanthemi
	Rust	Puccinia chrysanthemi
	Leaf spot	Septoria chrysanthemella
Cinchona	Damping off	Pythium vexans
Cineraria		Alternaria senecionis
Citronella	Collar rot
Citrus	Sooty mould	Aithaloderma citri
	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
	Melanose	Diaporthe citri
	Mal secco	Deuterophoma tracheiphila
	Scab	Elsinoe fawcetti
	Anthracnose (Wither tip)	Gloeosporium limetticola
	Sooty blotch	Leptothyrium pomi
	Black spot	Phoma citricarpa
	Brown rot	Phytophthora spp.
	Black pit	Pseudomonas syringae
	Septoria spot	Septoria depressa
	Canker	Xanthomonas citri
Coffee	Brown eyespot	Cercospora coffeicola
	Thread blight (Black rot)	Corticium koleroga
	Anthracnose (Die back)	Glomerella cingulata
	Rust	Hemileia vastatrix
	Berry disease	Colletotrichum coffeanum
Conifers	Blight	Cercospora thujina
	Coryneum blight	Coryneum berckmanii
	Canker	Coryneum cardinale
	Fusiform rust	Cronartium fusiforme
	Blister rust	Cronartium ribicola
	Leaf cast (of Kauri Pine)	Hendersonula agathi
	Needle cast (of Scots Pine)	Lophodermium pinastri
	Phomopsis blight	Phomopsis juniperovora
	Needle cast (of Douglas Fir)	Rhabdocline pseudotsugae
	Root rot	Rhizoctonia cROCCORRXum
Cotton	Alternarii disease	Alternaria gossypii and Alternaria
	macrospora
	Sore shin	Corticium solani
Cowpea	Scab	Cladosporium vignae
Cucurbits	Leaf blight	Alternaria cucumerina
	Wet rot	Choanephora cucurbitarum
	Anthracnose	Colletotrichum lagenarium
	Wilt	Erwinia tracheiphila
	Powdery mildew	Erysiphe cichoracearum
	Black rot	Mycosphaerella citrullina
	Stem end rot	Physalospora rhodina
	Downy mildew	Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Currant (Ribes)	Leaf spot	Mycosphaerella grossulariae and Mycosphaerella ribis
	Leaf spot	Pseudopeziza ribis
Cytisus	Die back	Ceratophorum setosum
Daffodil	White mould	Ramularia vallisumbrosae
	Fire	Sclerotinia polyblastis
Dahlia	Leaf spot	Phyllosticta dahliicola and Entyloma dahliae
Dalo	Leaf spot	Phytophthora colocasiae
Delphinium	Mildew	Erysiphe polygoni
Derris	Leaf spot	Colletotrichum derridis
Dogwood (Cornus)	Spot anthracnose	Elsinoe corni
Egg Plant	Leaf spot	Ascochyta melongenae
	Damping off	Corticium solani
Fig	Leaf fall and Fruit rot	Cercospora bolleana
	Rust	Cerotelium fici
	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
	Canker	Phomopsis cinerescens
	Blight	Phizoctonia microsclerotia
Filbert	Bud blight	Xanthomonas corylina
Fruit trees	Crown gall	Bacterium tumefaciens
Gambier	White root rot	Fomes lignosus
Gardenia	Canker	Phomopsis gardenia
Gerbera	Leaf spot	Cercospora sp.
Ginseng	Blight	Alternaria panax
Gladiolus	Corm rot	Botrytis gladiolorum
Gooseberry	Die back	Botrytis cinerea
	Leaf spot	Mycosphaerella grossulariae
	Cluster cup rust	Puccinia pringshemiana
	American mildew	Sphaerotheca mors-uvae
Grasses	Snow mould	Calonectria graminicola
	Red thread	Corticium fusiforme
	Brown patch of lawns	Rhizoctonia and Holminthosporium spp.
	Stripe smut	Ustilago striiformis
Ground nut	Leaf spot	Cercospora arachidicola and Cercospora personate
	Stem rot (Southern blight)	Sclerotium rolfsii
Guava	Leaf spot	Cephaleuros mycoidea
	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
	Rust	Puccinia psidii
Hellebore		Coniothyrium hellebori
Hollyhock	Rust	Puccinia malvacearum
Hop	Downy mildew	Pseudoperonospora humuli
	Powdery mildew	Sphaerotheca humuli
Hydrangea	Mildew	Oidium hortensiae
Leek	Mildew	Peronospora destructor
	White tip	Phytophthora porri
Lettuce	Downy mildew	Bremia lactucae
	Ring spot	Marssonina panattoniana
Lily	Blight	Botrytis elliptica
Maize	Downy mildew	Sclerospora philippinensis
Mango	Red rust	Cephaleuros virescens
	Anthracnose	Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
	Scab	Elsinoe mangiferae
	Bacterial black spot	Erwinia mangiferae
	Anthracnose	Gloeosporium mangiferae
	Powdery mildew	Oidium mangiferae
Medlar	Scab	Venturia eriobotryae
Millet (Italian)	Smut	Ustilago crameri
Mushroom	White mould	Mycogone perniciosa
	Bacterial blotch(Brown blotch)	Pseudomonas tolaasi
Nectarine	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
	Rust	Puccinia pruni-spinosae
	Blossom wilt	Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena
	Leaf curl	Taphrina deformans
Oats	Loose smut	Ustilago avanae
Olive	Leaf spot	Cycloconium oleaginum
Onion	Downy mildew	Peronospora destructor
Orchids	Fusarium	Macrophoma and Diplodia spp.
Paeony	Blight	Botrytis peaoniae
	Bud death	Sphaeropsis paeonia
Palm ( Palmyra)	Leaf spot	Pestalotia palmarum
Passion fruit	Brown spot	Alternaria passiflorae
	Grease spot	Pseudomonas passiflorae
Pawpaw	Leaf spot	Ascochyta caricae
	Anthracnose (Fruit rot)	Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
	Powdery mildew	Oidium caricae
	Hard rot	Phytophthora parasitica
Peach	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
	Rust	Puccinia pruni-spinosae
	Blossom wilt	Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena
	Leaf curl	Taphrina deformans
Pear	Scab ( America)	Cladosporium effusum
	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
	Firebiiglit	Erwinia amylovora
	Bitter rot	Glomerella cingulata
	Leaf spot (Leaf speck)	Mycosphaerella sentina
	Scab	Venturia pirina
Pecan	Scab	Cladosporium effusum
	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
	Vein spot	Gnomonia nerviseda
	Liver spot	Gnomonia caryae var. pecanae
Pepper(Red)	See Chilli)
Persimmon	Canker	Phomopsis diospyri
Pineapple	Heart or stern rot	Phytophthora parasitica
Piper betle	(See Betel)
Plantain	Black tip	Helminthosporium torulosum
Plum	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
	Black rot	Dibotryon morbosum
	Bacterial canker	Pseudomonas mors-prunorum
	Wilt	Pseudomonas prunicola
	Rust	Puccinia pruni-spinosae
	Brown rot	Sclerotinia fructigena
	Blossom wilt	Sclerotinia laxa
	Watery rot (Pocket plums)	Taphrina pruni
	Bacterial spot	Xanthomonas pruni
Poplar		Septogloeum populiperdun
Poppy	Downy mildew	Peronospora arborescens
Potato	Early blight	Alternaria solani
	Grey mould	Botrytis cinerea
	Blight (Late blight)	Phytophthora infestans
	Dry rot	Sclerotium rolfsii
Quince	Brown rot	Sclerotinia fructigena
	Shot hole	Clasterosporium carpophilum
Raspberry	Spur blight	Didymella applanata
	Cane spot (Anthracnose)	Elsinoe veneta
	Cane wilt	Leptosphaeria coniothyrium
Rhododendron	Leaf scorch (Bud blast)	Pycnostysanus azaleae
Rhubarb	Downy mildew	Peronospora jaapiana
Rice	Brown spot	Ophiobolus miyabeanus
	(Helmintliosporiosis)
	Blast	Piricularia oryzae
Rose	Black spot	Diplocarpon rosae
	Downy mildew	Peronospora sparsa
	Rust	Phragmidium mucronatum
	Leaf spot (Anthracnose)	Sphaceloma rosarum
	Mildew	Sphaerotheca pannosa
Rubber	American leaf disease	Dothidella ulei
	White root rot	Fomes lignosus
	Leaf disease	Helminthosporium heveae
	Stem disease	Pestalotia palmarum
	Abnormal leaf fall	Phytophthora palmivora
Rye grass	Blind seed	Phialea temulenta
Safflower	Rust	Puccinia carthami
Seedlings	Damping off	Pythium debaryanum, Pythium and Rhizoctonia spp, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,etc
Sorghum	Covered smut	Sphacelotheca sorghi
Spinach	Leaf spot	Heterosporium variabile
	Downy mildew	Peronospora effusa
Spindle tree	Mildew	Oidium euonymi-japonicae
Stock	Leaf spot	Alternaria raphani
Strawberry	Leaf spot	Mycosphaerella fragariae
Sugar beet	Leaf spot	Cercospora beticola
	Downy mildew	Peronospora schactii
Sunflower	Rust	Puccinia helianthi
	Wilt	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Sweet potato	Wilt	Fusarium spp.
Taro	Leaf spot	Phytophthora colocasiae
Tea	Black rot (Die back)	Botryodiplodia theobromae
	Red rust	Cephaleuros niycoidea
	Blister blight	Exobasidium vexans
	Grey blight	Pestalotia theae
Tobacco	Brown spot (Red rust)	Alternaria longipes
	Leaf spot	Ascochyta nicotianae
	Frog eye	Cercospora nicotianae
	Blue mould (Downy mildew)	Peronospora tabacina
	Wildfire	Pseudomonas tabacum
Tomato	Early blight	Alternaria solani
	Leaf mould	Cladosporium fulvum
	Anthracnose	Colletotrichum phomoides
	Fruit rot	Didymella lycopersici
	Mildew	Leveilluia taurica
	Fruit rot	Phytophthora capsici
	Foot rot	Phytophthora cryptogea
	Blight (Late blight)	Phytophthora infestans
	Leaf spot	Septoria lycopersici
	Grey leaf spot	Stemphylium solani
	Bacterial spot	Xanthomonas vesicatoria
Tuberose	Blight	Botrytis elliptica
Tung	Thread blight	Corticium koleroga
Veronica		Septoria exotici
Vine (Grape)	"Coitre"	Coniothyrium diplodiella
	Anthracnose	Elsinoe ampelina
	Black rot	Guignardia bidwellii
	Leaf spot	Isariopsis fuckelli
	Bitter rot	Melanconium fuligineum
	Angular leaf spot	Mycosphaerella angulata
	Downy mildew	Plasmopara viticola
	Totbrenner	Pseudopeziza tracheiphila
	Powdery mildew	Uncinula necator
Vine (Sultana)	Sooty dew	Exosporium sultanae
Viola	Leaf spot	Centrospora acerina
Violet	Scab	Sphaceloma violae
Walnut	Ring spot	Ascochyta juglandis
	Anthracnose (Blotch)	Gnomonia leptostyla
	Downy leaf spot	Microstroma juglandis
	Blight	Xanthomonas juglandis
Wheat	Root rot	Gibberella zeae
	Rust	Puccinia spp
	Snow damage	Pythium sp.
	Bunt	Tilletia caries and Tilletia faetida
Willow	Black canker	Physalospora miyabeana
	Scab	Venturia chlorospora
Zinnia	Wilt	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Articles:

Copper Sulphate supplier in Tamil Nadu – Chennai, Nagapattinam, Tiruchirappalli, Vellore, Cuddalore, Tiruvannamalai, Hosur, Coimbatore, Erode, Tirunelveli

Barium sulfate supplier in Tamil Nadu – Chennai, Nagapattinam, Tiruchirappalli, Vellore, Cuddalore, Tiruvannamalai, Hosur, Coimbatore, Erode, Tirunelveli

Manufacturer,Supplier,Trader of Copper Sulphate in Chennai India

Copper(I) oxide or cuprous oxide supplier Distributor Manufacturer in chennai Taminadu india

Remarks:

Uses of Copper Compounds: Copper Sulphate

Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, Cu S04 5 H20, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts. Indeed it is often the starting raw material for the production of many of the other copper salts. Today in the world there are more than 100 manufacturers and the world's consumption is around 200,000 tons per annum of which it is estimated that approximately three-quarters is used in agriculture, principally as a fungicide.

Manufacture In the production of copper sulphate virgin copper is seldom, if ever, used as the starting raw material. Copper ores are used in countries where these are mined. For the bulk of the world's production nonferrous scrap is the general source. The scrap is refined and the molten metal poured into water to produce roughly spherical porous pieces about the size of marbles which are termed "shot". This shot is dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid in the presence of air to produce a hot saturated liquor which, if the traditional large crystals of copper sulphate are required, is allowed to cool slowly in large cooling vats into which strips of lead are hung to provide a surface for the crystals to grow on. If the granulated (snow) crystal grades are desired, the cooling process is accelerated by agitating the liquor in water cooled vessels.

Other methods of production are:

By heating copper scrap with sulphur to produce copper sulphide which is then oxidised to form copper sulphate.

By heating copper sulphide ores to produce copper oxide which is then treated with sulphuric acid to form copper sulphate.

By slow leaching in air of piles of low grade ore. Bacterial action is sometimes employed to hasten the process. A solution of copper sulphate drains away from such heaps.

Commercially copper sulphate contains 25 % metallic copper and is sold with a guaranteed minimum purity of 98 % copper sulphate. It is produced in a number of grades varying from large crystal lumps, of 25 mm or more in diameter from which it appropriately derives the name bluestone, to very fine powders of almost the fineness of talcum powder. The four commonest grades, based on crystal diameter sizes, are:

Large crystals (from 10 mm to 40 mm)
Small crystals (from 2 mm to 10 mm)
Granulated or snow crystals (less than 2 mm)
Windswept powder (less than 0.15 mm)

Uses of Copper Sulfates

Copper sulphate is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of uses in industry as it has in agriculture. Its principal employment is in agriculture, and this role is described in some detail in the next section.

Up to a generation or so ago about its only uses in the industry were as a mordant for dyeing and for electroplating, but today it is being employed in many industrial processes. The synthetic fibre industry has found an application for it in the production of their raw material. The metal industry uses large quantities of copper sulphate as an electrolyte in copper refining, for copper coating steel wire prior to wire drawing and in various copper plating processes. The mining industry employs it as an activator in the concentration by froth flotation of lead, zinc, cobalt and gold ores. The printing trade takes it as an electrolyte in the production of electrotype and as an etching agent for process engraving. The paint industry uses it in anti-fouling paints and it plays a part in the colouring of glass. Indeed, today there is hardly an industry which does not have some small use for copper sulphate.

Copper sulphate manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter. We are keeping ready stock of Copper sulphate in Mumbai, Gandhidham, Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Kolkata, Dubai, Sharjah, Fujairah, Abu Dhabi, Muscat, Oman, Middle East UAE, Nairobi, Mombasa, Uganda, Kenya Africa, South Africa, Canada

We offering services as manufacturers and suppliers of quality industrial chemicals. With the offered range comprising Copper Sulphate Powder, Copper Carbonate and Copper Sulphate Crystals, these feature precision formulation standards and processed using well equipped infrastructure support so as to deliver best possible quality finish. We also ensure that the chemicals are processed in an eco-friendly way that ensures surrounding environment is not harmed. Further, as complete range is processed in hygienic laboratories and well defined processes, these are renowned for accurate composition, pH value and purity levels, thus making the products highly demanded in the market.

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We offering services as manufacturers and suppliers of quality industrial chemicals. With the offered range comprising Copper Sulphate Powder, Copper Carbonate and Copper Sulphate Crystals, these feature precision formulation standards and processed using well equipped infrastructure support so as to deliver best possible quality finish. We also ensure that the chemicals are processed in an eco-friendly way that ensures surrounding environment is not harmed. Further, as complete range is processed in hygienic laboratories and well defined processes, these are renowned for accurate composition, pH value and purity levels, thus making the products highly demanded in the market.

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Copper Sulphate CuSO4 x 5H2O